Objective: At the intersection of child neuropsychiatry, a distinct focus emerges on the intricate interplay between neurodevelopmental conditions and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS). This study delves into the nuanced connection between these domains, aiming to shed light on investigating CDS symptoms and their potential comorbidities in a clinical setting. By exploring this relationship, we contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex landscape of childhood psychiatric disorders and pave the way for more informed clinical interventions.
Method: A total of 413 children aged between 6 and 11 years were included in the study. Initially, parents completed the Barkley Child Attention Scale. Subsequently, in the study’s second phase, families of children presenting with CDS symptoms (identified as screen-positive cases) were invited to the clinic. In this phase, skilled clinicians conducted structured diagnostic interviews to assess comorbidities.
Results: Out of the analyzed participants, 138 (33.7%) were identified as screen-positive. The prevalent comorbidities observed in these children included attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly of the combined type (33.9%); ADHD, predominantly of the inattentive type (29.5%); anxiety disorders (31.3%); and oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder (22.6%).
Conclusion: Considering the study’s findings, a notable revelation emerges: CDS symptoms manifest in approximately one out of every three children seeking care within child and adolescent psychiatric clinics. Therefore, it is recommended that clinicians adopt a vigilant stance towards CDS symptoms and incorporate this approach as part of routine outpatient evaluations.